A Complex Reality: Why Young Adults Aren’t Participating in Public Service

The views expressed are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of ASPA as an organization.

By Kamille Stevens, Moses Reynoso Colin & Vanessa Lopez-Littleton
August 9, 2024

In the United States, the participation of young adults in public service is vital for shaping a representative government as well as ensuring public service personnel understand issues and concerns that matter to this important constituent group. Civic and public service participation among young adults is relatively low. Despite one of the largest voter turnouts in the 2020 election, fewer than half of eligible young adults (ages 18-29) participated. Fewer than 10 percent of the federal employees are under the age of 30. The future of our country depends on our ability to engage and motivate young people to be involved and to do the work of government.

The Complexity of Politics

Politics, in itself, is a nebulous system hallmarked by language that is often shrouded in legal jargon and complicated rules and processes. While legal phrasing is necessary, it can be a barrier for those who are not well-versed in political or legal terminology. Understanding legislative nuances can be a daunting process and is further complicated by political parties and the role they play at various levels. The system’s complexities can deter young adults, as the learning curve seems insurmountable without appropriate time, support and resources. Schools provide foundational knowledge through civic education but often fail in equipping students with practical knowledge and access to opportunities that would allow them to successfully navigate real-world political systems.

Insufficient Support

Contrary to popular belief, young adults are enthusiastic and have a desire for political activism. For instance, recent political movements started and supported by young people from across the country (e.g., Pro-Palestine protests, Black Lives Matter movement, the 99% Movement) highlight their willingness to engage in societal issues. While these movements were supported by young people, they often lacked support from well-respected establishments and individuals. This proved to be consequential for some of these movements as they failed to gain traction and make meaningful change in systems, institutions and cultures. In addition, aspiring politicians often lack mentorship or have difficulty finding guidance because the onus falls on the young professionals themselves to carve out their own access and opportunities. This challenge is exacerbated for those not in college, as they have access to even fewer resources and networks.

The Stigma Surrounding Politics

There is a longstanding social stigma surrounding elected officials related to ethical behavior and trust. Stereotypes taint the perception of politicians and how they go about getting things done. Broken or failed campaign promises and flip-flopping on issues are harsh realities of politics but contribute to the perception that they cannot be trusted. The reality of politics is that it involves complex negotiations and political maneuvering that is not always shared. As a result, young adults may view a career in politics as being riddled with unscrupulous or dishonest people.

Addressing the Barriers

Simplifying Political Information: Efforts should be made to present political information in a more accessible and understandable manner. Educational initiatives that demystify the political process can empower young adults to engage more confidently.

Establishing mentorship programs that connect young aspiring politicians with experienced mentors can provide guidance and support. Political organizations and educational institutions can play a crucial role in facilitating these connections. Programs such as We the People offer students the opportunity to gain a deeper understanding of the American government (Center for Civic Education, n.d.). A Georgetown University evaluation of the program showed that students in the program scored significantly higher on civic tests, preparing them for civic engagement and understanding of the American government (Owen, 2018).

Young people need to see relatable role models in public service. These role models should include stories of young public servants and leaders who have made significant contributions and can be highly motivational.

Challenging Stigmas: There is a critical need to foster a culture that values and supports public service within families, schools and communities. Despite negative perceptions in some underrepresented communities, a supportive environment can help young people see public service as a viable option to impact their communities positively.

Positive representation of politicians who uphold integrity and make meaningful contributions can counteract stereotypes. Highlighting success stories and the impact of effective public service can inspire young adults to consider political careers.

Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (AOC), the youngest woman ever elected to the United States Congress, exemplifies this. AOC shares her journey from a working-class background to public office, inspiring many young people, especially from underrepresented communities. Her story shows what is possible through dedication, resilience and a commitment to public service.

Inspiring young people to get involved in public service requires education, engagement, role models and supportive environments. Encouraging them to engage with their communities on topics they are passionate about can cultivate a new generation of public servants dedicated to making a positive impact.

Conclusion

The disengagement of young adults from voting and public service is a complex issue that requires a multifaceted approach. By simplifying political processes, providing mentorship and challenging negative stigmas, society can foster a more inclusive and participatory political environment. Encouraging young adults to take an active role in shaping their future is essential for a healthy democracy.

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Author: Kamille Stevens is a senior student at Cal State Monterey Bay, majoring in Collaborative Health and Human Services with a concentration in Public Administration and Nonprofit Management. Her interests include solutions for homelessness and reducing forced displacement as a result of gentrification. Stevens may be reached at [email protected].

Author: Moses Reynoso Colin is a senior in the Collaborative Health and Human Services (CHHS) major with a concentration in Public Administration, attending Cal State Monterey Bay. Reynoso has an interest in policies that affect underrepresented communities as well as social justice. Reynoso Colin can be contacted at [email protected].

Author: Vanessa Lopez-Littleton, Ph.D., RN, is Interim Dean of the College of Health Sciences and Human Services and Professor of Public Administration and Nonprofit Management at California State University, Monterey Bay. Her research interests include social determinants of health and racial equity. Dr. Lopez-Littleton may be reached at [email protected], DrVLoLil.Com or @DrVLoLil

 

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