Dimensions of a National Artificial Intelligence Policy

The views expressed are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of ASPA as an organization.

By Mauricio Covarrubias
August 9, 2024

Comprehensive national policies are often invoked to address major problems and issues that impact the development, well-being and prosperity of society. While these issues are not new, the way they present themselves now is. Public challenges are now more complex, having transformed in their scope, intensity and connectivity. They imply greater territorial and population impacts, an accumulation of effects and a significant increase in the number of factors involved.

In this context, artificial intelligence (AI) is a technology that has captured global attention due to its potential to transform multiple aspects of society.  However, it also poses significant threats to democracy and social equity. Based on the insights of Amy Webb, Founder and CEO of the Future Today Institute (FTI), this column reflects on the need for a national AI policy to be multidimensional and comprehensive in order to address both the opportunities and risks presented by this technology.

Regulation Dimension

Regulation is a crucial dimension in any AI policy. Adequate regulation must ensure the ethical and safe use of AI, addressing issues of privacy, transparency and accountability. Amy Webb emphasizes that, in the absence of a governmental strategy, market pressure can lead to hasty decisions that prioritize short-term profit over ethical and responsible research. Regulation must be flexible and adaptive, capable of evolving alongside technological advances to mitigate risks and protect citizens’ rights.

Dimension of AI Use for Improving Public Services

AI can significantly improve the efficiency and effectiveness of public services. The implementation of advanced technologies can optimize resource management and enhance the quality of services offered to citizens. In the health sector, for example, AI can facilitate more precise and rapid diagnoses, improving health outcomes and reducing costs. However, the lack of public investment in research and development limits the potential of AI to benefit society at large.

Dimension of Promoting Research and Development (R&D)

Promoting research and development in AI is essential to maintaining global competitiveness and fostering innovation, thereby driving technological progress and economic growth. Webb mentions how China has significantly invested in basic AI research, leveraging large volumes of data to develop advanced technologies. An integral approach should include supporting startups, creating research centers and fostering collaborations between the public and private sectors.

Dimension of Human Resources Training

The training of human resources is fundamental to ensuring sustainable AI development. It is necessary to prepare the workforce with skills and knowledge in AI, promoting both advanced technical training and basic digital literacy. There is a need for the creation of interdisciplinary educational programs that integrate ethics and critical reflection on technology, promoting a broader understanding of its social and ethical implications.

Ethical and Social Dimension

The ethical and social dimension of an AI policy is crucial to ensuring that its development and use benefit society equitably. Webb warns about the risks of consolidating power in the hands of a few tech companies and the need to create mechanisms that ensure an equitable distribution of AI benefits. It is essential to address the ethical and social implications of AI, ensuring that its development does not perpetuate or exacerbate existing inequalities.

International Dimension and Global Cooperation

The global nature of AI requires an international dimension and global cooperation in state policy. International relations theory indicates that countries should collaborate to establish common standards and share knowledge. Webb proposes forming a global alliance to develop global AI norms and standards, incorporating diverse and representative perspectives from different cultures and values.  This cooperation can help address transnational challenges such as cybersecurity and data protection.

Conclusion

From a public policy perspective, a national AI policy must be multidimensional and comprehensive, encompassing regulation, the use of AI to improve public services, the promotion of R&D, human resources training and the ethical, social and international dimensions. A holistic approach is essential to maximizing the benefits of AI while mitigating its risks. Adopting an integral vision will enable governments to not only regulate and foster AI, but also to improve public services and prepare society for a future where artificial intelligence will be ubiquitous.

---

Author: Mauricio Covarrubias is Professor at the National Institute of Public Administration in Mexico.  He is co-founder of the International Academy of Political-Administrative Sciences (IAPAS).  He is the founder and Editor of the International Journal of Studies on Educational Systems (RIESED). Member of the National System of Researchers of CONACYT.  He received his Ph.D. from the National Autonomous University of Mexico.  He can be reached at [email protected] and followed on Twitter @OMCovarrubias

(7 votes, average: 4.86 out of 5)
Loading...